"Quality and Life" № 3(27) 2020
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Main theme: Quality is made by people Release date: 23.09.2020 Только зарегистрированный пользователь может получить доспуп к электронной версии журнала |
QUALITY MANAGEMENT
p. 5-10
Doctor Edwards Deming – a Thinker Against Time
Yu.P. Adler, сandidate of technical sciences, associate professor, professor of National University of Science and Technology «Moscow Institute of Steel and Alloys» (NUST MISIS); Moscow
e-mail: adler.37@inbox.ru
Dr. Edwards Deming, whose 120th birthday falls on October 14, 2020, has made outstanding contributions to management theory and practice, mathematical statistics and many other areas of human endeavor. This work, written for the anniversary of E. Deming, examines the paradoxes arising from his teachings. They relate, inter alia, to competition, motivation and remuneration, the use of sampling methods, on-the-job training, operational definitions and much more. Resolving these paradoxes is the path to a deeper understanding of the modern world and to the improvement of management practice. Already during Deming’s lifetime, numerous attempts were made to revise his teachings, and now there is a desire to abandon the use and development of his heritage. This is alarming and worrying.
Keywords: Deming’s doctrine, competition, motivation, sampling methods, operational definitions, control charts, systems theory.
DOI: 10.34214/2312-5209-2020-27-3-5-10p. 11-18
Competitiveness of energy-consuming devices: new requirements in technical regulation for sustainable development
E.A. Sysoeva, doctor of economic sciences, associate professor, head of the department of statistics, econometrics and information technologies in management of the National Research Mordovian State University named after N.P. Ogareva; Republic of Mordovia, Saransk
e-mail: sysoewa@mail.ru
T.A. Rozhkova, leading specialist of the Limited Liability Company «Center for certification of electric lamps and lighting products»; Republic of Mordovia, Saransk
The Eurasian economic Union has adopted the technical regulation «On energy efficiency requirements for energy-consuming devices» (TR EEU 048/2019), which is applied to widely used energy-consuming devices that have a significant share in the energy consumption balance and produce a significant impact on the energy security of the EEU member States. In TR EEU 048/2019 updated quantitative requirements to energy consuming devices, with new, additional requirements for energy efficiency, corresponding to modern level of the development of energy-saving technologies, and harmonization gradually introduced requirements on energy efficiency of energy consuming devices installed in a TR EEU 048/2019, with the requirements of the directives and regulations of the European Union, suggests that energy efficiency in energy-consuming products manufactured in the member States of the Eurasian economic Union, will steadily increase and it should have a positive impact on the competitiveness of energy-consuming goods produced in the territory of the Eurasian economic Union.
The introduction of the EAEU TR 048/2019 is an urgent solution for ensuring energy security of the economies and the energies of the member States of the Eurasian economic Union and will promote the promotion of competitive energy-consuming products produced on the territory of the countries of the Eurasian economic Union to the international market and will allow the population to save money on acquisitions of energy efficient energy consuming devices.
Keywords: technical management, technical regulations, energy efficiency, energy saving, energy-consuming devices, energy efficiency class, directives and regulations of the European Union, conformity assessment, the Eurasian economic Union, consumer market.
DOI: 10.34214/2312-5209-2020-27-3-11-18p. 19-26
Probabilistic Model of Interaction of Necessary and Sufficient Conditions for Mass Morbidity of the Population, Taking into Account the Scale-Population Factor Materials
A.A. Barzov, doctor of technical sciences, professor, leading researcher of the Center for hydrophysical research of faculty of physics, Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov; Moscow
A.I. Denchik, candidate of technical sciences, professor, Mechanical Engineering and Standardization department of Pavlodar State University named after S. Toraigyrov; Republic of Kazakhstan, Pavlodar
V.M. Korneeva, doctor of technical sciences, associate professor, professor of the department «Metrology and interchangeability» of Bauman Moscow State Technical University, president of the Qualimetry branch of the Academy for Quality Problems; Moscow
e-mail: v_korneeva@list.ru
S.S. Korneev, candidate of technical sciences, associate professor, associate professor of the department «Rocket and space technologies engineering» of Bauman Moscow State Technical University; Moscow
It is proposed to use the phenomenology of the well-known «scale strength factor» to construct a hardware platform for probabilistic modeling of the interaction kinetics of necessary and sufficient conditions for the occurrence of epidemics or pandemics. Exponential-plastic models have been obtained that reflect the characteristic features of these mass-population phenomena, which provide the possibility of probabilistic forecasting of various scenarios of their course. Examples of calculations based on the proposed probabilistic model are given and their correspondence to real statistical data on the development of morbidity in different countries is shown.
Keywords: mass morbidity, probabilistic modeling, necessary and sufficient conditions, scale factor.
DOI: 10.34214/2312-5209-2020-27-3-19-26p. 27-32
Improving the Design Efficiency of Complex Systems Based on Reducing the Power of Many Generated Alternatives
J.V. Doronina, doctor of technical sciences, professor of department «Information technologies and computer systems» of the Sevastopol state university; Sevastopol
e-mail: YVDoronina@sevsu.ru
The article proposes an approach to the structural synthesis of elements of a system-technical complex, which consists in using a modified genetic algorithm and a method for narrowing the cardinality of the sets of alternatives. The modification of the genetic algorithm is implemented as part of a directed mutation operation for three types of the initial elemental composition of the alternative and is used for objects with a given (limited) duration of their life cycle. Application of the proposed approach made it possible to both reduce efforts in obtaining alternatives at the stage of designing elements of a system-technical complex, and to reduce labor intensity in the formation of the appearance of the system.
Keywords: system-technical complex, structural synthesis, cardinality narrowing, genetic algorithm, directed mutation.
DOI: 10.34214/2312-5209-2020-27-3-27-32p. 33-38
A Low-Cost Method for Solving the Canonical Equations of the Method of Forces of Large Dimensions
V.E. Kicheev, candidate of technical sciences, associate professor of the Moscow aviation Institute (National Research University), Moscow
e-mail: m.oskb@yandex.ru
The problem of solving systems of linear algebraic equations of general form and large dimension is considered. A method of successive approximations based on a geometric approach has been developed. In order to improve convergence, the proposed method uses a significant part of the equations.
Keywords: static uncertainty, system of linear algebraic equations, numerical methods.
DOI: 10.34214/2312-5209-2020-27-3-33-38p. 39-45
Application of Discrete Wavelet Transform and Convolution to Find the Values of Locally Approximated Splines
Yu.I. Bityukov, doctor of technical sciences, professor of the Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), Moscow
Yu. I. Deniskin, doctor of technical sciences, professor of the Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), Moscow
G.Yu. Deniskina, graduate student of the Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), Moscow
e-mail: dega17@yandex.ru
Algorithms for finding the values of locally approximating n-variable splines and their partial derivatives using a discrete wavelet transform and a convolution operation are considered. The results are applied to the estimation of the values of the partial derivatives of the functions specified at the grid nodes and to the problem of local modification of the surface of an aircraft engine fan blade made of composite materials using the automated calculation method.
Keywords: Splines, wavelet transform, local surface modification, automated layout, composite materials.
DOI: 10.34214/2312-5209-2020-27-3-39-45ORGANIZATION OF PRODUCTION
p. 46-51
Project Activities in Solving Product Quality Problems in the Automotive Industry
V.N. Kozlovsky, doctor of technical sciences, professor, head of the department «Theoretical and general electrical engineering» of Samara state technical university, full member of the Academy of Quality Problems; Samara
e-mail: kozlovskiy-76@mail.ru
D.I. Blagoveshchensky, candidate of technical sciences, associate professor, director of the Federal Budgetary Institution «State regional center for standardization, metrology and testing in the Tula Region» (FBI «Tula CSM»), full member of the Academy of Quality Problems; Tula
D.V. Aidarov, candidate of technical sciences, associate professor of the department «Technosphere safety and production certification of Samara State Technical University; Samara
R.R. Gafarov, candidate of science degree applicant of Samara State Technical University; Samara
The paper presents the results of the development and implementation of design approach tools for solving quality problems of new cars in operation.
Keywords: competitiveness, quality, car.
DOI: 10.34214/2312-5209-2020-27-3-46-51p. 52-61
The Practice of Solving Product Quality Problems Obtained through the Use of Design Activities at Car Assembly Plants
V.N. Kozlovsky, doctor of technical sciences, professor, head of the department «Theoretical and general electrical engineering» of Samara state technical university, full member of the Academy of Quality Problems; Samara
e-mail: kozlovskiy-76@mail.ru
D.I. Blagoveshchensky, candidate of technical sciences, associate professor, director of the Federal Budgetary Institution «State regional center for standardization, metrology and testing in the Tula Region» (FBI «Tula CSM»), full member of the Academy of Quality Problems; Tula
A.V. Kritsky, graduate student of Samara state technical university; Samara
U.V. Brachunova, graduate student of Samara state technical university; Samara
The paper presents the results of the development and implementation of design approach tools for solving quality problems of new cars in operation. The generalization of the experience of the project teams in solving problems in the field of the quality of new vehicles in operation.
Keywords: competitiveness, quality, car.
DOI: 10.34214/2312-5209-2020-27-3-52-61p. 62-66
Justification and Development of a Lean Manufacturing System for a Trade Organization
I.Yu. Reznichenko, doctor of technical sciences, professor, head of the department of quality management of Kemerovo State University; Kemerovo
e-mail: Irina.reznichenko@gmail.com
K.A. Brusova, undergraduate of of the department of quality management of Kemerovo State University; Kemerovo
The purpose of the work was to justify and implement the developed system of lean production in a small-format trade organization to increase the effectiveness of its activities. The work used methods regulated by the requirements of regulatory documents (GOST R 56407-2015, GOST R 56036-2014): 5S when analyzing the organization of the workspace, Poka-Yoke to prevent unintentional errors and eliminate them; visualization; work standardization; and Kaizen tools, timing. When assessing the satisfaction of internal and external consumers, we used the questionnaire method. The research results include a list of identified causes of losses from defective sold goods, loss of working time, reasons for customer dissatisfaction; processed data on satisfaction of internal consumers, data on improvement of working conditions and safety. The analysis and systematization of the results obtained made it possible to formulate specific proposals for the involvement of employees in the process of improving the working space, increasing the efficiency of the trade organization and introducing the results into practice.
Keywords: Lean production; trade organization; tools and techniques; customer satisfaction; reduction of losses; employee engagement.
DOI: 10.34214/2312-5209-2020-27-3-62-66TRANSPORT. AVIATION
p. 67-76
Retraining of Aviation Personnel in Organizations that Develop and Manufacture Helicopter Equipment – a Necessary Condition for the Quality of Functioning of the Aviation Transport System
A.I. Resinets, candidate of military sciences, associate professor of department «Design of helicopters» of the Moscow aviation institute (National Research University); Moscow
e-mail: k102@mai.ru
The article discusses one of the components of the aviation transport system of civil aviation in Russia – the training center for aviation personnel on the example of the aviation training center of JSC «Kamov». The problematic issues related to the training of domestic and foreign aviation specialists in the organization of the developer and manufacturer of aviation equipment are analyzed, both through civil aviation and within the framework of military-technical cooperation.
Keywords: aviation equipment, aviation personnel, training, retraining.
DOI: 10.34214/2312-5209-2020-27-3-67-76p. 77-83
Integrated Landing Gear Control Loop as a Means of Increasing the Stability and Controllability of Aircraft of Unconventional Schemes when Moving on the Ground
A.A. Smagin, postgraduate student of the Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), design engineer of the 3rd category of the Sukhoi Experimental Design Bureau; Moscow
e-mail: smagin_9595@mail.ru
O.S. Dolgov, doctor of technical sciences, professor of the Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University); Moscow
The paper proposes an approach to solving the problems of stability and controllability of aircraft of the aerodynamic «flying wing» scheme from the point of view of movement on the ground, which consists in combining landing gear systems into an automated integrated control loop. The analysis of the features of movement on the ground is carried out, the disadvantages and boundaries of the application of the existing control methods are indicated. The construction of a dynamic aircraft model for virtual testing of control algorithms is described. The conclusion is made about the practical advantages that are expected as a result of the introduction of an integral control loop for chassis systems.
Keywords: landing gear, stability and controllability, flying wing, automation, integral control loop.
DOI: 10.34214/2312-5209-2020-27-3-77-83p. 84-91
Quality Management of De-Icing Liquid as an Object for Ensuring Safe Take-Off of an Aircraft
O.S. Dolgov, doctor of technical sciences, head of department 104 «Technological design and quality management», Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University); Moscow
B.B. Safoklov, senior lecturer of department 104 «Technological design and quality management», Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University); Moscow
e-mail: safoklovbb@mai.ru
This paper discusses the possibility of the evolution of quality control of an object of ground anti-icing physicochemical treatment of the surface of an aircraft – anti-icing fluids, in «Quality management – an anti-icing fluid as an object of ensuring the safe takeoff of an aircraft.» The definition – «The quality of the anti-icing fluid» has been formulated. Introduced, as a functional, the concept of «Quality of anti-icing fluid at the stage of AIT», for integration into the system «Quality management of anti-icing fluid» – on the basis of knowledge bases about the IAF as a set of all properties expected by the operator. For the implementation of information software support for the AIT process, the concept of «Regeloscopic program of ground anti-icing protection of aircraft» was introduced, on the basis of which a functional model was presented for building a strategy for processing and protection of aircraft from ground-based icing in accordance with modern requirements for airlines – «Security. Profitability. Environmental friendliness».
Keywords: Quality management, quality control, anti-icing treatment (AIT), anti-icing protection (AIP), anti-icing fluid (AIF), safe takeoff, functional model, optimization.
DOI: 10.34214/2312-5209-2020-27-3-84-91